Astronomy and Astrophysics
Hadron epoch and Formation of Matter!!!!
Hadron epoch is
the 6th step according to the chronology of the universe. It’s the
very next step after Quark Epoch. Hadron Epoch was started approximately
started from 10^-6 seconds after Big Bang and ended
around 1 second.
If you haven’t read
my article on the Quark Epoch or Electroweak epoch, then I suggest you first to
read that article so that, you can understand this article fully…..
This phase was
triggered by the formation of different hadrons like protons and neutrons as
the temperature of universe was low enough to finally start the process of
formation of hadrons which is a kind of elementary particles.
At this time
period, the universe was still expanding very rapidly and it reached to a size
similar to our solar system today only in 1 second. Remember, I mentioned about
quark-gluon plasma in my previous article on Electroweak Epoch……that same Quark-gluon plasma was getting larger and quarks were being father apart from
each other. As a result, when the distance between two quarks due to expansion
of the universe exceeds 10^-15 meters, the
gluon elastic force broke and produced two new quarks, one in each of its end.
Parallel to this
process, they were also started to move slowly and soon enough energy wasn’t
left to break gluon elastic force as the universe’s temperature was dropped to
10 thousand million degrees and those quarks permanently tied to one or more of
its neighbours thus forming the hadrons.
Production of
neutrinos was also in a high rate due to the continuous collision of electrons
and protons to form neutrons and in the process giving out neutrinos. The
reverse was also happening. Neutrinos and neutrons were also re-combining to
form proton and electron pairs.
Hadron Epoch is
followed by lepton epoch as per the Chronology of the Universe and I am going
to write about it in my next article.
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To know basics of quantum world, astronomy and space exploration you can check out my book "Through the wormhole" on amazon kindle.
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-Ratnadeep Das Choudhury
Founder and writer of The Dynamic Frequency
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