A Crisped Introduction of Standard Model of Particle Physics

People in earlier times often thought that what will happen if we go on dividing an object to infinite level then what will happen?? What we will get??

Yeah, we are still finding the answer to this question. Big research organisation like CERN and BHABHA atomic research centre are working continuously to find the answers. For now, what we have got is just a drop in the ocean. There is lot to find yet.

Firstly, to answer this question Dalton proposed that atoms are the smallest level of a material we can reach if we go o dividing it. Then after the discovery of electron by J.J. Thompson changed our perception again. Discovery of proton by E. Goldstein and discovery of neutron by James Chadwick forced us to change the concept of fundamental materials. At that time it was considered that electron, proton and neutron are the fundamental particles and there is nothing beyond that.

J.J. Thompson

But as you know, science always has something to astonish us. Discoveries of quarks and leptons again changed our perception of the fundamental particles. The quark model was independently proposed by physicists Murray Gell-Mann and George Zweig in 1964.Quarks were introduced as parts of an ordering scheme for hadrons, and there was little evidence for their physical existence until deep inelastic scattering experiments at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Centre in 1968.

Murray Gell-Mann

Electron was the first lepton to be found. The next lepton to be observed was the muon, discovered by Carl D. Anderson in 1936, which was classified as a meson at the time.

Then Bosons came into the picture. Bosons are those particles which provides forces and interact with other elementary particles. Bosons are name after Indian physicist Stayendra Nath Bose, for his contribution toward its discovery. Bosons follow Bose-Einstein statistics.

Stayendra Nath Bose

Even after all these discoveries, we couldn’t complete the chart of standard model of particle physics. Still there was missing a particle which can complete this chart. The quest of that one particle came to an end in 2012 at Large Hadron Collider in CERN. That particle was named as Higgs Boson which was named after physicist Peter Higgs who proposed the mechanism of this particle in 1964 along with other five scientists.

With all the 6 quarks, 6 leptons, 4 gauge bosons and Higgs Boson our standard model gets completed. These all particles work according to the rules of Quantum Mechanics and obeys the Quantum World. For now, these are the smallest level of a material. But, no one can say what will happen in future. Organisations like CERN are continuously researching to find more new elementary particles. So, may be in the future we may find other particles and make a new chart of elementary particles.

In my upcoming articles, I am going to explain each one of these particles in detail so, don’t forget to subscribe to our website and follow me on social media for updates…..