Basic Theories
Detailed and simplified explanation of Heisenberg's Uncertainty principle
You will always find something
different from our common sense while studying Quantum Mechanics. There is
always something which can’t be understand if we think as a normal people. For
understanding QM, we always need to understand the hardcore topics of maths and
physics. In this article, I am going to discuss of one such important hardcore
physics topic which you can say, act like a corner stone of quantum world along
with Schrodinger’s equation.
Heisenberg’s Uncertainty principle was proposed
by German physicist Werner Heisenberg in 1927. This principle is very much
useful when we are observing something in the atomic level or beyond. Firstly,
try to understand the meaning of the ‘Uncertainty’. This single word has a
great value in Quantum World.
In simple terms, ‘uncertain’ means
something which is not fixed or we can simplify it more and explain as
something which always has a tendency to change. The same phenomenon happen
when we observe something in quantum level. The Heisenberg Uncertainty states
that there are pairs of physical properties whose precise values cannot be
known simultaneously. If we try to know one property more precisely then we
will get more uncertain about the other property.
Werner Heisenberg |
One of the most famous pair of such
properties is momentum and position. The uncertainty in the position of a
particle is multiplied with uncertainty in the momentum is always greater than
or equal to plank constant divided by 4π.
∆x ∙ ∆p ≥h/4ℼ
The more accurately one knows the position of a particle, the
less information one has about its momentum. The uncertainty principle is often
mistakenly interchanges with the so-called observer effect. It states that ant
time a system is observed, its states inevitably changes. This effect has no
relation with Heisenberg’s principle because the uncertainty principle in
momentum and position exists all the time regardless of the presence of
observer.
Wait!!! Wait!! Wait!!!
We haven’t finished yet!!! There is lot more to know in Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle. In my next article I am going to explain the relation between Uncertainty principle and wave function and how uncertaintyprinciple is a consequence of the wave function
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Thanks for reading.....
See you next time!!!
-Ratnadeep Das Choudhury
Founder and Writer of The Dynamic Frequency
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